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# testing/assertions.py
# Copyright (C) 2005-2021 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
# <see AUTHORS file>
#
# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
# the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
from __future__ import absolute_import
import contextlib
import re
import sys
import warnings
from . import assertsql
from . import config
from . import mock
from . import util as testutil
from .exclusions import db_spec
from .util import fail
from .. import exc as sa_exc
from .. import pool
from .. import schema
from .. import sql
from .. import types as sqltypes
from .. import util
from ..engine import default
from ..engine import url
from ..util import compat
from ..util import decorator
def expect_warnings(*messages, **kw):
"""Context manager which expects one or more warnings.
With no arguments, squelches all SAWarnings emitted via
sqlalchemy.util.warn and sqlalchemy.util.warn_limited. Otherwise
pass string expressions that will match selected warnings via regex;
all non-matching warnings are sent through.
The expect version **asserts** that the warnings were in fact seen.
Note that the test suite sets SAWarning warnings to raise exceptions.
"""
return _expect_warnings(sa_exc.SAWarning, messages, **kw)
@contextlib.contextmanager
def expect_warnings_on(db, *messages, **kw):
"""Context manager which expects one or more warnings on specific
dialects.
The expect version **asserts** that the warnings were in fact seen.
"""
spec = db_spec(db)
if isinstance(db, util.string_types) and not spec(config._current):
yield
else:
with expect_warnings(*messages, **kw):
yield
def emits_warning(*messages):
"""Decorator form of expect_warnings().
Note that emits_warning does **not** assert that the warnings
were in fact seen.
"""
@decorator
def decorate(fn, *args, **kw):
with expect_warnings(assert_=False, *messages):
return fn(*args, **kw)
return decorate
def expect_deprecated(*messages, **kw):
return _expect_warnings(sa_exc.SADeprecationWarning, messages, **kw)
def emits_warning_on(db, *messages):
"""Mark a test as emitting a warning on a specific dialect.
With no arguments, squelches all SAWarning failures. Or pass one or more
strings; these will be matched to the root of the warning description by
warnings.filterwarnings().
Note that emits_warning_on does **not** assert that the warnings
were in fact seen.
"""
@decorator
def decorate(fn, *args, **kw):
with expect_warnings_on(db, assert_=False, *messages):
return fn(*args, **kw)
return decorate
def uses_deprecated(*messages):
"""Mark a test as immune from fatal deprecation warnings.
With no arguments, squelches all SADeprecationWarning failures.
Or pass one or more strings; these will be matched to the root
of the warning description by warnings.filterwarnings().
As a special case, you may pass a function name prefixed with //
and it will be re-written as needed to match the standard warning
verbiage emitted by the sqlalchemy.util.deprecated decorator.
Note that uses_deprecated does **not** assert that the warnings
were in fact seen.
"""
@decorator
def decorate(fn, *args, **kw):
with expect_deprecated(*messages, assert_=False):
return fn(*args, **kw)
return decorate
@contextlib.contextmanager
def _expect_warnings(
exc_cls, messages, regex=True, assert_=True, py2konly=False
):
if regex:
filters = [re.compile(msg, re.I | re.S) for msg in messages]
else:
filters = messages
seen = set(filters)
real_warn = warnings.warn
def our_warn(msg, *arg, **kw):
if isinstance(msg, exc_cls):
exception = msg
msg = str(exception)
elif arg:
exception = arg[0]
else:
exception = None
if not exception or not issubclass(exception, exc_cls):
return real_warn(msg, *arg, **kw)
if not filters:
return
for filter_ in filters:
if (regex and filter_.match(msg)) or (
not regex and filter_ == msg
):
seen.discard(filter_)
break
else:
real_warn(msg, *arg, **kw)
with mock.patch("warnings.warn", our_warn):
yield
if assert_ and (not py2konly or not compat.py3k):
assert not seen, "Warnings were not seen: %s" % ", ".join(
"%r" % (s.pattern if regex else s) for s in seen
)
def global_cleanup_assertions():
"""Check things that have to be finalized at the end of a test suite.
Hardcoded at the moment, a modular system can be built here
to support things like PG prepared transactions, tables all
dropped, etc.
"""
_assert_no_stray_pool_connections()
_STRAY_CONNECTION_FAILURES = 0
def _assert_no_stray_pool_connections():
global _STRAY_CONNECTION_FAILURES
# lazy gc on cPython means "do nothing." pool connections
# shouldn't be in cycles, should go away.
testutil.lazy_gc()
# however, once in awhile, on an EC2 machine usually,
# there's a ref in there. usually just one.
if pool._refs:
# OK, let's be somewhat forgiving.
_STRAY_CONNECTION_FAILURES += 1
print(
"Encountered a stray connection in test cleanup: %s"
% str(pool._refs)
)
# then do a real GC sweep. We shouldn't even be here
# so a single sweep should really be doing it, otherwise
# there's probably a real unreachable cycle somewhere.
testutil.gc_collect()
# if we've already had two of these occurrences, or
# after a hard gc sweep we still have pool._refs?!
# now we have to raise.
if pool._refs:
err = str(pool._refs)
# but clean out the pool refs collection directly,
# reset the counter,
# so the error doesn't at least keep happening.
pool._refs.clear()
_STRAY_CONNECTION_FAILURES = 0
warnings.warn(
"Stray connection refused to leave " "after gc.collect(): %s" % err
)
elif _STRAY_CONNECTION_FAILURES > 10:
assert False, "Encountered more than 10 stray connections"
_STRAY_CONNECTION_FAILURES = 0
def eq_regex(a, b, msg=None):
assert re.match(b, a), msg or "%r !~ %r" % (a, b)
def eq_(a, b, msg=None):
"""Assert a == b, with repr messaging on failure."""
assert a == b, msg or "%r != %r" % (a, b)
def ne_(a, b, msg=None):
"""Assert a != b, with repr messaging on failure."""
assert a != b, msg or "%r == %r" % (a, b)
def le_(a, b, msg=None):
"""Assert a <= b, with repr messaging on failure."""
assert a <= b, msg or "%r != %r" % (a, b)
def is_instance_of(a, b, msg=None):
assert isinstance(a, b), msg or "%r is not an instance of %r" % (a, b)
def is_true(a, msg=None):
is_(a, True, msg=msg)
def is_false(a, msg=None):
is_(a, False, msg=msg)
def is_(a, b, msg=None):
"""Assert a is b, with repr messaging on failure."""
assert a is b, msg or "%r is not %r" % (a, b)
def is_not(a, b, msg=None):
"""Assert a is not b, with repr messaging on failure."""
assert a is not b, msg or "%r is %r" % (a, b)
# deprecated. See #5429
is_not_ = is_not
def in_(a, b, msg=None):
"""Assert a in b, with repr messaging on failure."""
assert a in b, msg or "%r not in %r" % (a, b)
def not_in(a, b, msg=None):
"""Assert a in not b, with repr messaging on failure."""
assert a not in b, msg or "%r is in %r" % (a, b)
# deprecated. See #5429
not_in_ = not_in
def startswith_(a, fragment, msg=None):
"""Assert a.startswith(fragment), with repr messaging on failure."""
assert a.startswith(fragment), msg or "%r does not start with %r" % (
a,
fragment,
)
def eq_ignore_whitespace(a, b, msg=None):
a = re.sub(r"^\s+?|\n", "", a)
a = re.sub(r" {2,}", " ", a)
b = re.sub(r"^\s+?|\n", "", b)
b = re.sub(r" {2,}", " ", b)
assert a == b, msg or "%r != %r" % (a, b)
def _assert_proper_exception_context(exception):
"""assert that any exception we're catching does not have a __context__
without a __cause__, and that __suppress_context__ is never set.
Python 3 will report nested as exceptions as "during the handling of
error X, error Y occurred". That's not what we want to do. we want
these exceptions in a cause chain.
"""
if not util.py3k:
return
if (
exception.__context__ is not exception.__cause__
and not exception.__suppress_context__
):
assert False, (
"Exception %r was correctly raised but did not set a cause, "
"within context %r as its cause."
% (exception, exception.__context__)
)
def assert_raises(except_cls, callable_, *args, **kw):
_assert_raises(except_cls, callable_, args, kw, check_context=True)
def assert_raises_context_ok(except_cls, callable_, *args, **kw):
_assert_raises(
except_cls,
callable_,
args,
kw,
)
def assert_raises_return(except_cls, callable_, *args, **kw):
return _assert_raises(except_cls, callable_, args, kw, check_context=True)
def assert_raises_message(except_cls, msg, callable_, *args, **kwargs):
_assert_raises(
except_cls, callable_, args, kwargs, msg=msg, check_context=True
)
def assert_raises_message_context_ok(
except_cls, msg, callable_, *args, **kwargs
):
_assert_raises(except_cls, callable_, args, kwargs, msg=msg)
def _assert_raises(
except_cls, callable_, args, kwargs, msg=None, check_context=False
):
ret_err = None
if check_context:
are_we_already_in_a_traceback = sys.exc_info()[0]
try:
callable_(*args, **kwargs)
success = False
except except_cls as err:
ret_err = err
success = True
if msg is not None:
assert re.search(
msg, util.text_type(err), re.UNICODE
), "%r !~ %s" % (
msg,
err,
)
if check_context and not are_we_already_in_a_traceback:
_assert_proper_exception_context(err)
print(util.text_type(err).encode("utf-8"))
# assert outside the block so it works for AssertionError too !
assert success, "Callable did not raise an exception"
return ret_err
class AssertsCompiledSQL(object):
def assert_compile(
self,
clause,
result,
params=None,
checkparams=None,
dialect=None,
checkpositional=None,
check_prefetch=None,
use_default_dialect=False,
allow_dialect_select=False,
literal_binds=False,
schema_translate_map=None,
):
if use_default_dialect:
dialect = default.DefaultDialect()
elif allow_dialect_select:
dialect = None
else:
if dialect is None:
dialect = getattr(self, "__dialect__", None)
if dialect is None:
dialect = config.db.dialect
elif dialect == "default":
dialect = default.DefaultDialect()
elif dialect == "default_enhanced":
dialect = default.StrCompileDialect()
elif isinstance(dialect, util.string_types):
dialect = url.URL(dialect).get_dialect()()
kw = {}
compile_kwargs = {}
if schema_translate_map:
kw["schema_translate_map"] = schema_translate_map
if params is not None:
kw["column_keys"] = list(params)
if literal_binds:
compile_kwargs["literal_binds"] = True
from sqlalchemy import orm
if isinstance(clause, orm.Query):
context = clause._compile_context()
context.statement.use_labels = True
clause = context.statement
elif isinstance(clause, orm.persistence.BulkUD):
with mock.patch.object(clause, "_execute_stmt") as stmt_mock:
clause.exec_()
clause = stmt_mock.mock_calls[0][1][0]
if compile_kwargs:
kw["compile_kwargs"] = compile_kwargs
class DontAccess(object):
def __getattribute__(self, key):
raise NotImplementedError(
"compiler accessed .statement; use "
"compiler.current_executable"
)
class CheckCompilerAccess(object):
def __init__(self, test_statement):
self.test_statement = test_statement
self.supports_execution = getattr(
test_statement, "supports_execution", False
)
if self.supports_execution:
self._execution_options = test_statement._execution_options
if isinstance(
test_statement, (sql.Insert, sql.Update, sql.Delete)
):
self._returning = test_statement._returning
if isinstance(test_statement, (sql.Insert, sql.Update)):
self.inline = test_statement.inline
self._return_defaults = test_statement._return_defaults
def _default_dialect(self):
return self.test_statement._default_dialect()
def compile(self, dialect, **kw):
return self.test_statement.compile.__func__(
self, dialect=dialect, **kw
)
def _compiler(self, dialect, **kw):
return self.test_statement._compiler.__func__(
self, dialect, **kw
)
def _compiler_dispatch(self, compiler, **kwargs):
if hasattr(compiler, "statement"):
with mock.patch.object(
compiler, "statement", DontAccess()
):
return self.test_statement._compiler_dispatch(
compiler, **kwargs
)
else:
return self.test_statement._compiler_dispatch(
compiler, **kwargs
)
# no construct can assume it's the "top level" construct in all cases
# as anything can be nested. ensure constructs don't assume they
# are the "self.statement" element
c = CheckCompilerAccess(clause).compile(dialect=dialect, **kw)
param_str = repr(getattr(c, "params", {}))
if util.py3k:
param_str = param_str.encode("utf-8").decode("ascii", "ignore")
print(
("\nSQL String:\n" + util.text_type(c) + param_str).encode(
"utf-8"
)
)
else:
print(
"\nSQL String:\n"
+ util.text_type(c).encode("utf-8")
+ param_str
)
cc = re.sub(r"[\n\t]", "", util.text_type(c))
eq_(cc, result, "%r != %r on dialect %r" % (cc, result, dialect))
if checkparams is not None:
eq_(c.construct_params(params), checkparams)
if checkpositional is not None:
p = c.construct_params(params)
eq_(tuple([p[x] for x in c.positiontup]), checkpositional)
if check_prefetch is not None:
eq_(c.prefetch, check_prefetch)
class ComparesTables(object):
def assert_tables_equal(self, table, reflected_table, strict_types=False):
assert len(table.c) == len(reflected_table.c)
for c, reflected_c in zip(table.c, reflected_table.c):
eq_(c.name, reflected_c.name)
assert reflected_c is reflected_table.c[c.name]
eq_(c.primary_key, reflected_c.primary_key)
eq_(c.nullable, reflected_c.nullable)
if strict_types:
msg = "Type '%s' doesn't correspond to type '%s'"
assert isinstance(reflected_c.type, type(c.type)), msg % (
reflected_c.type,
c.type,
)
else:
self.assert_types_base(reflected_c, c)
if isinstance(c.type, sqltypes.String):
eq_(c.type.length, reflected_c.type.length)
eq_(
{f.column.name for f in c.foreign_keys},
{f.column.name for f in reflected_c.foreign_keys},
)
if c.server_default:
assert isinstance(
reflected_c.server_default, schema.FetchedValue
)
assert len(table.primary_key) == len(reflected_table.primary_key)
for c in table.primary_key:
assert reflected_table.primary_key.columns[c.name] is not None
def assert_types_base(self, c1, c2):
assert c1.type._compare_type_affinity(
c2.type
), "On column %r, type '%s' doesn't correspond to type '%s'" % (
c1.name,
c1.type,
c2.type,
)
class AssertsExecutionResults(object):
def assert_result(self, result, class_, *objects):
result = list(result)
print(repr(result))
self.assert_list(result, class_, objects)
def assert_list(self, result, class_, list_):
self.assert_(
len(result) == len(list_),
"result list is not the same size as test list, "
+ "for class "
+ class_.__name__,
)
for i in range(0, len(list_)):
self.assert_row(class_, result[i], list_[i])
def assert_row(self, class_, rowobj, desc):
self.assert_(
rowobj.__class__ is class_, "item class is not " + repr(class_)
)
for key, value in desc.items():
if isinstance(value, tuple):
if isinstance(value[1], list):
self.assert_list(getattr(rowobj, key), value[0], value[1])
else:
self.assert_row(value[0], getattr(rowobj, key), value[1])
else:
self.assert_(
getattr(rowobj, key) == value,
"attribute %s value %s does not match %s"
% (key, getattr(rowobj, key), value),
)
def assert_unordered_result(self, result, cls, *expected):
"""As assert_result, but the order of objects is not considered.
The algorithm is very expensive but not a big deal for the small
numbers of rows that the test suite manipulates.
"""
class immutabledict(dict):
def __hash__(self):
return id(self)
found = util.IdentitySet(result)
expected = {immutabledict(e) for e in expected}
for wrong in util.itertools_filterfalse(
lambda o: isinstance(o, cls), found
):
fail(
'Unexpected type "%s", expected "%s"'
% (type(wrong).__name__, cls.__name__)
)
if len(found) != len(expected):
fail(
'Unexpected object count "%s", expected "%s"'
% (len(found), len(expected))
)
NOVALUE = object()
def _compare_item(obj, spec):
for key, value in spec.items():
if isinstance(value, tuple):
try:
self.assert_unordered_result(
getattr(obj, key), value[0], *value[1]
)
except AssertionError:
return False
else:
if getattr(obj, key, NOVALUE) != value:
return False
return True
for expected_item in expected:
for found_item in found:
if _compare_item(found_item, expected_item):
found.remove(found_item)
break
else:
fail(
"Expected %s instance with attributes %s not found."
% (cls.__name__, repr(expected_item))
)
return True
def sql_execution_asserter(self, db=None):
if db is None:
from . import db as db
return assertsql.assert_engine(db)
def assert_sql_execution(self, db, callable_, *rules):
with self.sql_execution_asserter(db) as asserter:
result = callable_()
asserter.assert_(*rules)
return result
def assert_sql(self, db, callable_, rules):
newrules = []
for rule in rules:
if isinstance(rule, dict):
newrule = assertsql.AllOf(
*[assertsql.CompiledSQL(k, v) for k, v in rule.items()]
)
else:
newrule = assertsql.CompiledSQL(*rule)
newrules.append(newrule)
return self.assert_sql_execution(db, callable_, *newrules)
def assert_sql_count(self, db, callable_, count):
self.assert_sql_execution(
db, callable_, assertsql.CountStatements(count)
)
def assert_multiple_sql_count(self, dbs, callable_, counts):
recs = [
(self.sql_execution_asserter(db), db, count)
for (db, count) in zip(dbs, counts)
]
asserters = []
for ctx, db, count in recs:
asserters.append(ctx.__enter__())
try:
return callable_()
finally:
for asserter, (ctx, db, count) in zip(asserters, recs):
ctx.__exit__(None, None, None)
asserter.assert_(assertsql.CountStatements(count))
@contextlib.contextmanager
def assert_execution(self, db, *rules):
with self.sql_execution_asserter(db) as asserter:
yield
asserter.assert_(*rules)
def assert_statement_count(self, db, count):
return self.assert_execution(db, assertsql.CountStatements(count))
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